27 Aug, 2024
Diego Velázquez's Las Meninas was painted in 1656. It is on display at the Museo del Prado in Madrid. Velasquez was a trailblazer in the realism movement, his painting Las Meninas features the intermingling of gaze and narrative captivating global audiences.
The painting is set in the Alcázar of Madrid, the royal palace of King Philip IV of Spain. The main character, Infanta Margarita Teresa, the king’s daughter, is at the center - surrounded by her ladies-in-waiting or ’meninas’. Diego Velázquez is also present, occupying the left. The background mirror reflects the images of King Philip IV and Queen Mariana.
In the painting, Velazquez looks elsewhere, suggesting an awareness of the viewer. The Infanta and ‘meninas’ look outward - indicating someone entering the room. The mirror reflects part of the royal couple, gazing elsewhere. This intertwined web of gazes creates a dynamic and participatory experience for the audiences.
The figures are illuminated by natural light - creating a three dimensional portrait. It instills a sense of realism to these subjects. The clothes and the reflective surface are exaggerated with the light.
The presence of the dog connotes loyalty and fidelity. It symbolizes the close-knit Habsburg family. Maribarbola, another lady in waiting, a dwarf holds a dueling scar. It symbolises her devotion to the family - a sense of sacrifice. The royal couple signifies their ubiquitous presence throughout Spain. It is also a display of omnipotent power and authority.
Even though Velazquez is not the central figure, the eyes travel to him. His inclusion in the painting sparked some controversies. To some, it seems to be an ego-booster, whereas others consider the act to be a social commentary on the nature of art and representation.