Polymorph is a versatile thermoplastic that becomes moldable when heated. Polymorphs are used to store thermal energy because they absorb heat by changing from solid to liquid phase.
1. Polymorph
Smart glass, switchable glass, or dynamic glass can alter its transparency in response to electrical signals, light, or heat. They are embedded with electrochromic technology.
2. Smart Glass
Piezoelectricity is the virtue of piezoelectric materials generating electrical charge when subjected to mechanical stress or vice versa.They can also alter their shape in response to an electrical impulse.
3. Piezoelectricity
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) can return to their original shape after being deformed when exposed to various stimuli, including heat. These materials are known for their superelasticity.
4. Shape Memory Alloys
These materials change shape or dimensions in response to magnetic fields. Magnetostrictive materials are currently utilized in shock absorbers to stop seismic vibrations in skyscrapers and bridges.
5. Magnetostrictive Materials
When stimulated by electricity, electroactive polymers (EAPs) undergo a shape change. They are versatile and lightweight, but they continuously need to be turned on by a high-voltage electrical current.
6. Electroactive Polymers
Thermochromic materials undergo colour changes in response to temperature changes making them intelligent building materials. They can be both organic and inorganic compounds.
7. Thermochromic Materials
Spanish students from IAAC created hydroceramic materials. It blends hydrogel bubbles with clay ceramics, demonstrating an adaptability to various environmental conditions.
8. Hydroceramic
Regenerative bioconcretes can heal themselves through microbial processes. These spores are activated by moisture when the concrete cracks, producing calcium carbonate, which seals the cracks.