The Diverse Art and Craft of Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh is a northeastern state in India known as a traveller’s haven. But that isn’t the only thing that the state offers. The art and craft of Arunachal Pradesh are reflective of the culturally diverse traditions and skills of its many indigenous communities. Today we talk about the region’s distinctive art forms and crafts, highlighting their craftsmanship.
1. Tangkha Painting
One of the most revered art forms in Arunachal Pradesh is Tangkha painting. Its intricate detailing and vibrant colors characterize the traditional Tibetan Buddhist art form. Tangkha paintings are typically religious, depicting deities, mandalas, and scenes from Buddhist scriptures. Each painting is meticulously created on cloth or silk, and the process involves several stages, including sketching, outlining colouring, and the final application of gold and other decorative elements.
2. Handlooms and Weaving
Handloom weaving is a significant craft across Arunachal Pradesh. They have a diverse range of weaving techniques, unique to different tribes and communities, particularly the Adi, Miri, Idu Mishmi, and Apatani tribes. The handlooms and weaving products are made of natural dyes. You can find the weaving Idu Mishmi articles in the form of shawls, skirts, and blankets.
3. Pottery
Just like the handlooms, pottery techniques are also unique to communities. For example, the Apatani people are known for their geometric clay pots used in their daily lives. The pottery clay is sourced from the local mountains and fired in traditional kilns. These pieces are both decorative and functional.
4. Wood Carving
Wood carving is another prominent art and craft in Arunachal Pradesh. This craft is particularly prevalent among the Khamti and Miri tribes. You may even be fascinated by the Wancho wooden craft. Traditional wooden items, including masks, figurines, and household items, depict deities, animals, and tribal motifs. The Wancho wooden craft, along with the other wood carving miracles are a testament to the tribe’s deep connection to their natural surroundings and myths.
5. Basketry
Basketry is a widespread craft in Arunachal Pradesh, used for both practical and ceremonial purposes. The techniques and materials used in the cane and bamboo work vary across communities. For instance, the Nyishi tribe is known for its bamboo and cane baskets. These baskets are used for carrying goods, storing food, and as display items. In addition, the cane and bamboo work is also used to make furniture, an ode to sustainability.
6. Ornament Making
Ornament making is yet another prominent art and craft of Arunachal Pradesh. They are made from metals, beads, and natural materials like shells and seeds. But that isn’t all, silver jewellery is worn during festivals, whereas simple bead necklaces are worn daily. The ornaments signify social status and cultural identity.
7. Carpet Making
Carpet making isn’t as prevalent in Arunachal Pradesh as you might think. Traditional carpets often feature geometric patterns and vibrant colours. The craftsmanship involved in carpet making includes knotting and dyeing techniques that result in durable and aesthetic carpets.
8. Smithy Work
Smithy work, or blacksmithing, is the most popular art and craft of Arunachal Pradesh, particularly among the Miri and Adi tribes. This craft involves the forging of metal tools, weapons, and household items. They heat the metal and shape metals in specially curated moulds.
Image Courtesy – Arunachal Pradesh
