Birth of a master of anti-capitalist, surreal works

April 3, On This Day

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Developed in reaction to World War I, the Dada movement consisted of artists who rejected the logic, reason, and aestheticism of modern capitalist society, instead expressing nonsense, irrationality, and anti-bourgeois protest in their works. German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, and poet Max Ernst was a primary pioneer of Dadaism, and surrealism.

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Born on April 2, 1891 the prolific artist had no formal artistic training, but his experimental attitude led him to invent both frottage and grattage — while the former technique uses pencil rubbings of objects as a source of images, the latter involves paint scraped across canvas to reveal imprints of objects placed beneath.